The Association of Parental Education, Economic Status, and Mother Occupation Status with Stunting Incidence on Under Five Children in Kulon Progo

Abstract

Stunting is a condition where the child's height is too low. Stunting status or posture that is too short is obtained from height and length based on age with a value below minus two standard deviations (<-2SD) from the nutritional status table (WHO child growth standard). This study aimed to analyze the relationship between parental education level, family economic status, and maternal occupation with the incidence of Stunting in children aged 6-59 months at Temon II Public Health Center Kulonprogo Regency. This was a case-control research design. The population in this study was 400 toddlers aged 6-59 months in the Temon II Public Health Center. The sampling technique used was the purposive sampling method and found 80 stunting toddlers in the case group and 160 normal toddlers in the control group. Collecting data using a questionnaire sheet of toddler characteristics and anthropometric data. Out of 80 stunting children, parents with low education (62.5%), low economic status (48.8%), and working mothers (55%) with low parental education and economic results have a double risk of having stunting status. Compared with parents with high education and economy (OR: 1.889 (1.091-3.270); p = 0.032), while the variable of maternal occupational status had no significant relationship with the incidence of stunting in children aged 6-59 months (p = 0.110). The results of the bivariate study showed that two variables (educational and economic level) were significantly associated with the incidence of stunting (p = 0.032), while the variable employment status had no relationship with the incidence of stunting (p = 0.110). It is recommended for parents of under-five children, whether stunting or not, to be able to always manage the time, even though they are working, to still provide good and appropriate parenting for their children.