Antihypertensive Effect of Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L): A Literature Review

Abstract

Hypertension is the most important cause of death in the world. It has been found that 10.4 million people die of high blood pressure, of which an estimated 1.13 billion people in the world become high blood pressure patients, mostly from developing countries. High blood pressure is a contributing factor to many diseases, including kidney failure, stroke and heart failure, as well as being the cause of increased mortality in many countries. This study used the literature review method with the aim of knowing the effect of fruit chips for lowering blood pressure of hypertensive clients. The database used in literature search is in the form of PubMed and Scholar with several keywords such as ciplukan(Physalis angulata L) and hypertension. Article selection is obtained after meeting the exclusion and inclusion criteria. The results of the identification there are 4 articles discussed. Traditional medicine using plants has been carried out by the people of Indonesia since the previous ancestors, although modern medicine has spread to remote areas, but the use of plants as medicine is still popular among the community. Ciplukan has been known to contain compounds namely physalin, saponins, terpenopids, flavonoids, polyphenols, alkaloids, steroids, chlorogenic acid, alaidic acid, citric acid, malic acid, tannins, cryptoxanthine. Flavonoids and saponins are contained in Physalis angulata L. Flavonoids reduce the performance of angiotensin-converting enzymes (ACEs) by preventing them from converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II. When the action of ACE is inhibited by antioxidants and angiotensin II is no longer produced, vasodilation occurs, decreased peripheral and decrease in blood pressure. The results of this study found that there is one literature that shows that fruit chips can reduce blood pressure of hypertensive clients. There are 4 literatures interpreting there is an effect that is significant that can reduce blood pressure of hypertensive clients There is a significant effect of lowering blood pressure with the provision of fruit chips.