The Effectiveness of Antibacterial Red Betel (Piper crocatum) Formulation in Hand Sanitizer Gel for Inhibiting The Growth Bacterial Staphylococcus aureus and Esherichia coli

Abstract

The search for sources of bioactive compounds is continuously carried out due to the emergence of pathogenic bacteria that are resistant to several antibacterial compounds.  Piper crocatum is a medicinal plant that contains chemical compounds with various biological activities. The bioactive compounds hydroxy kavikol and eugenol found Piper crocatum leaves have antibacterial properties. The use of Piper crocatum  in hand sanitizer gel preparations can be used as an active herbal antibacterial ingredient. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of Piper crocatum extract which was formulated in a hand sanitizer gel preparation against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. This type of research is experimental using variations in the concentration of betel leaf water extract 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%. The method used is Kirby Bauer diffusion. The results showed that there was antibacterial activity in the red betel hand sanitizer gel against Escherichia coli bacteria which was indicated by the clear zone around the discs at a concentration of 40% (8.3 mm) 30% (7.1 mm), 20% (6.8 mm), 10% (6.2 mm) while Staphylococcus aureus showed a clear zone at concentrations of 40% (8.6 mm), 30% (7.7 mm), 20% (6.8 mm), 10% ( 6.2 mm).