The Relationship Between Eating and The Incidence of Anemia in Adolescent Women At SMA Muhammadiyah 7 Yogyakarta

Abstract

Adolescents experience a process of rapid growth and development as well as a variety of physical activities that make them need a lot of energy intake. Poor diet patterns can be a cause of growth and development processes that are not optimal in adolescents. Anemia is a nutritional problem in the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) states that more than 30% or 2 billion people in the world have anemia. In 2018, data from RISKESDAS (Basic Health Research)shows that the number of anemia cases in Indonesia is still quite high; the prevalence of anemia in adolescents is 32%, which means that 3 to 4 out of 10 Indonesian adolescents suffer from anemia. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between diet and cases of anemia in female adolescents at SMA (Senior High School) Muhammadiyah 7 Yogyakarta. This study used an analytical method with a cross-sectional approach; the population in this study were students of classes X and XI. The sampling technique used was random sampling with a sample of 42 students out of a total of 72 students in grades X and XI majoring in science and social studies. The instruments used in this study were questionnaires for dietary data, and for anemia data using the digital hemoque method with the easy touch brand. The research data use a nominal scale, so the statistical test used is the chi- square test. The results showed a p-value = 0.000 (p-value <0.05) so it can be concluded that there is a relationship between diet and cases of anemia in female adolescents at SMA Muhammadiyah 7 Yogyakarta. The results of the study also showed that there was a close relationship between diet and cases of anemia. From the results of the contingency coefficient, the value is 0.620; which indicates that there is a close relationship between diet and cases of anemia.