Management of Ineffective Airwary Clearance Through Effective Coughing Exercise Among Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Case Study

Abstract

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality both in Indonesia and globally. One of the most common nursing problems found in COPD patients is ineffective airway clearance due to retained secretions. Non-pharmacological interventions such as effective coughing exercises have been proven to be simple, safe, and easy to apply. This study aims to describe the nursing management of COPD patients with ineffective airway clearance problems through effective coughing exercises. The design of this study was a descriptive case study with nursing proses approach involving one COPD patient who was treated in hospital over a period of three days. Nursing interventions included observation of breathing patterns and frequency, positioning in semi-fowler, education on effective coughing techniques, and collaboration in administering mucolytic agents. The results showed significant improvement in the patient's condition, marked by more effective coughing, smoother sputum expectoration, reduced ronchi sounds, and increased oxygen saturation up to 98%. The patient was also able to perform effective coughing independently. It is recommended that nurses continue using effective coughing exercises as a primary intervention in managing ineffective airway clearance in COPD patients and educate patients to practice the technique independently at home.