Literature Review: The Effect of Temperature and Storage Time of Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) on Prothrombin Time (PT) Examination Results

Abstract

Fresh Fozen Plasma (FFP) is made from plasma that has been separated and quickly frozen to its core and stored in the freezer. FFP samples are thawed before use using a plasma thawer or waterbath at a temperature of 30-37ºC and after thawing the FFP can be stored at a temperature of 2-6ºC for a maximum of 24 hours. Storing FFP can cause a decrease or increase in coagulation factors, one of the coagulation factors used to test blood clotting via the extrinsic pathway and the shared pathway, namely Prothrombin Time (PT). This study aims to determine the effect of temperature and storage time of FFP on PT examination results. The method used is the literature review method. This literature selection is based on several databases, including Google Scholar and Pubmed. There are 10 journals used as literature sources and analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The results of this research are that there is an increase in the Prothrombin Time (PT) value of FFP storage at room temperature (20-25ºC) for 24 hours, 30 hours and 120 hours (5 days) and at -18ºC storage for 1-3 months on the PT value which is stable. The increase in PT value is influenced by FFP storage. PP storage affects the results of the PT examination, namely the inhibition of clotting factors caused by CO2 coming out of the plasma so that the pH of the sample will increase and the results obtained will be falsely high. An increase in plasma pH will result in changes in coagulation factors, especially factor V (Proakselerin, Labile Factor) and factor VII (Prokonvertin, Stable Factor) because they are labile. The conclusion of this study is that storing FFP at room temperature (20-25°C) or room temperature for a period of 24 to 120 hours can improve PT examination results, while storing FFP at room temperature -18°C for 1-3 months PT examination results are stable. or there is no increase or decrease.